{"error":"Too few arguments to function pageRender(), 3 passed in \/home\/intagri\/public_html\/libs\/articles\/articles.php on line 513 and exactly 4 expected","line":329,"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/libs\/general\/pageRender.php","code":0,"trace":[{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/libs\/articles\/articles.php","line":513,"function":"pageRender","args":[{},"article\/articleFinishBuying.html",{"userInfo":{"firstNames":"","lastNames":"","email":"","phone":"","points":0,"newsletter":1},"articleInfo":{"article_ID":636,"views":35260,"title":"Bioseguridad en las granjas porcinas","fb_title":"","link":"bioseguridad-en-las-granjas-porcinas","desc":"La bioseguridad es una de las claves para lograr una mejor rentabilidad de la explotación porcina ya que ayuda a mantener el estado sanitario de la granja, mediante la prevención del ingreso y la diseminación de nuevas enfermedades que pueden ser introducidas y transmitidas de forma directa y\/o indirecta. El empleo de normas de bioseguridad en las producciones porcinas tienen impacto en el estado sanitario y en sus niveles productivos.","fb_desc":"","thumb":"\/assets\/images\/articulos\/categoria1\/ganaderia\/art41-cerdos\/cerdos.jpg","fb_thumb":"","category":18,"related":"","keywords":"Porcicultura, bioseguridad, enfermedades del cerdo, Cerdos","pdfLink":"Articulos\/Ganaderia\/41. Bioseguridad en las granjas porcinas.pdf","text":"<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align:right\"><em><span style=\"color:#006400\">Autores: Equipo Editorial INTAGRI<\/span><\/em><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">La aplicaci&oacute;n de la bioseguridad es de suma importancia para las explotaciones pecuarias con el objetivo de preservar la salud de los animales, as&iacute; como la seguridad del personal. La bioseguridad hace referencia a todas aquellas pr&aacute;cticas que son realizadas con la finalidad de reducir las posibilidades de transmisi&oacute;n de enfermedades hacia otros animales de la misma especie.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Los controles sanitarios, as&iacute; como la estricta aplicaci&oacute;n de medidas de bioseguridad, son elementos indispensables para la prevenci&oacute;n de enfermedades en las explotaciones porcinas y se constituyen en acciones fundamentales en programas de prevenci&oacute;n, control y erradicaci&oacute;n de patolog&iacute;as.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-2\">&nbsp;<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-8\">\r\n<table align=\"center\" border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" class=\"table table-responsive\">\r\n\t<tbody>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td colspan=\"4\" style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 204, 204); height:2px; width:611px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>Cuadro 1. Mortalidad debida a la entrada de una nueva enfermedad en la granja (Eumedia, 2007).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Enfermedad<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Fase aguda (semanas)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>N&uacute;mero de muertes durante la fase aguda<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><strong><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\">N&uacute;mero de muertes durante la fase cr&oacute;nica<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:1px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Pleuroneumon&iacute;a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:1px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">2-15<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:1px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">3-30%<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:1px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">2-4%<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Rinitis Atr&oacute;fica<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:2px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">8-26<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:2px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">1-5% de lechones destetados<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:2px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">1%<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Neumon&iacute;a Enzootica<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">4-18<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">2-14% cerdas<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Hasta 3% pos destete<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:1px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>PRRS (S&iacute;ndrome reproductivo respiratorio porcino)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:1px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">8-16<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:1px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">5-30% lechones<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:1px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">0-1% lech&oacute;n\/camada<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong><em>Streptococus suis<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">4-12<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">4-12 % lechones destetados<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">1-5%<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Disenter&iacute;a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:2px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">3-12<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:2px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">1-4 % lechones destetados<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:2px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">1-1.5%<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Gastroenteritis transmisible<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">3-4<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">90-100% de lechones<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">1-4%<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-2\">&nbsp;<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"toggle\">\r\n<!---Contenido a ocultar--->\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">En las granjas porcinas se debe prevenir la entrada y salida de agentes infecciosos en cada uno de los procesos que se realizan, tales como la elaboraci&oacute;n y almacenamiento de alimentos, manejo de los animales, control del acceso o salida de veh&iacute;culos, eliminaci&oacute;n correcta de animales muertos, cuarentena y manejo de excretas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-2\">&nbsp;<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-8\">\r\n<table align=\"center\" border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" class=\"table table-responsive\">\r\n\t<tbody>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 204, 204); height:15px; width:292px\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>Cuadro 2. Control de movimientos externos e internos para aplicaci&oacute;n de bioseguridad porcina (Morill, 2009).<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:15px; width:292px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Control de movimientos externos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:15px; width:282px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Control de movimientos internos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:29px; width:292px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>Localizaci&oacute;n e infraestructura<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:29px; width:282px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Limpieza, desinfecci&oacute;n y reducci&oacute;n de contaminantes<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:15px; width:292px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>Animales<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:15px; width:282px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Fauna nociva<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:7px; width:292px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>Veh&iacute;culos y personal<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:7px; width:282px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Capacitaci&oacute;n del personal<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Las medidas de bioseguridad que tienden a impedir el ingreso y diseminaci&oacute;n de enfermedades en la Unidad de Producci&oacute;n Porcina (UPP) se resumen en seis puntos importantes:<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>1. Control de movimientos externos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Localizaci&oacute;n e infraestructura<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Se recomienda que la granja se encuentre alejada un m&iacute;nimo de 3 km de otra explotaci&oacute;n porcina, rastro, centro de acopio, etc., de manera que se evite el riesgo de contagio de las enfermedades.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Animales<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Identificar los manejos realizados al animal durante la estancia en la UPP con el objetivo de obtener toda la informaci&oacute;n correspondiente para conseguir una trazabilidad.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-8\">\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Veh&iacute;culos y personal e infraestructura<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Reducir al m&iacute;nimo la entrada de personas, animales, veh&iacute;culos, productos y cualquier material contaminado que represente un riesgo sanitario.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>2.&nbsp; Control de movimientos internos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Limpieza, desinfecci&oacute;n y reducci&oacute;n de contaminantes<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">El objetivo es remover todas las part&iacute;culas gruesas de tierra y materia org&aacute;nica, para asegurar as&iacute; el contacto entre el desinfectante y los agentes pat&oacute;genos.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Fauna nociva<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">La fauna nociva puede ocasionar la introducci&oacute;n de microorganismos pat&oacute;genos, la destrucci&oacute;n de instalaciones, consumo de alimento y muerte de animales. Los m&eacute;todos de control deben de implementarse seg&uacute;n la fauna local que pueda llegar a afectar, utilizando como principales estrategias, las cercas perimetrales, mallas pajareras, fumigaciones, limpiezas y desinfecciones.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-4\"><img alt=\"Todo el personal debe cumplir con las medidas adoptadas para asegurar la bioseguridad.\" class=\"center-block img-responsive\" src=\"\/assets\/images\/articulos\/categoria1\/ganaderia\/art41-cerdos\/cumplir-politicas-de-sanidad.jpg\" style=\"height:396px; width:628px\" \/>\r\n<table border=\"1\" class=\"table table-responsive\">\r\n\t<tbody>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 204, 204); border-color:rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align:left\">\r\n\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Figura 1. Todo el personal debe cumplir con las medidas adoptadas para asegurar la bioseguridad. <\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-8\">\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Capacitaci&oacute;n del personal<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">La UPP no debe constituir una fuente de infecci&oacute;n hacia otras unidades de producci&oacute;n, por lo que los encargados de bioseguridad deben de llevar acabo capacitaciones constantes al personal de las diferentes &aacute;reas que conforman la UPP, con el fin de reducir la contaminaci&oacute;n que representa un riesgo para la salud de los animales.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">La bioseguridad se debe aplicar en todos los niveles existentes desde la fase de producci&oacute;n, hasta la de transformaci&oacute;n, elaboraci&oacute;n y venta del producto final al consumidor.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Se puede diferenciar varios eslabones, todos de suma importancia:<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Bioseguridad en la explotaci&oacute;n porcina<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Bioseguridad en el transporte<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Bioseguridad industrial<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-4\"><img alt=\"EI transporte es un eslabón de suma importancia en la bioseguridad.\" class=\"center-block img-responsive\" src=\"\/assets\/images\/articulos\/categoria1\/ganaderia\/art41-cerdos\/transporte.jpg\" style=\"height:358px; width:578px\" \/>\r\n<table border=\"1\" class=\"table table-responsive\">\r\n\t<tbody>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 204, 204); border-color:rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align:left\">\r\n\t\t\t<p>Figura 2. EI transporte es un eslab&oacute;n de suma importancia en la bioseguridad.<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-4\"><img alt=\"Los rastros deben seguir procedimientos específicos para el sacrificio de los animales.\" class=\"center-block img-responsive\" src=\"\/assets\/images\/articulos\/categoria1\/ganaderia\/art41-cerdos\/rastros.jpg\" style=\"height:420px; width:655px\" \/>\r\n<table border=\"1\" class=\"table table-responsive\">\r\n\t<tbody>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 204, 204); border-color:rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align:left\">\r\n\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Figura 3. Los rastros deben seguir procedimientos espec&iacute;ficos para el sacrificio de los animales.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-8\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">El impacto econ&oacute;mico de una enfermedad viral o bacteriana en la UPP puede ser devastador si no se toman medidas adecuadas para limitar el ingreso de la misma, por lo que todo el personal involucrado deber&aacute; cumplir con las medidas establecidas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Las medidas de bioseguridad deben ser externas e internas y se deben considerar indispensable en la porcicultura. A mayor bioseguridad, menores ser&aacute;n los costos de producci&oacute;n, pues se reducen los gastos en medicamentos y tratamientos, y por consecuencia disminuyen las mortalidades.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Capac&iacute;tate y aprende a obtener una mejor rentabilidad y conocer las oportunidades de mercado en la industria porcina en el<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.intagri.com\/memorias\/ganaderia\/curso-de-produccion-de-porcinos-de-alto-rendimiento-online\"><strong>Curso de Producci&oacute;n de Porcinos de Alto Rendimiento Online.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#DAA520\"><strong>Cita correcta de este art&iacute;culo<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">INTAGRI. 2020. Bioseguridad en las granjas porcinas. Ganader&iacute;a. Serie Ganader&iacute;a, N&uacute;m. 41. Art&iacute;culos t&eacute;cnicos de INTAGRI. M&eacute;xico. 5 p.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<!---Contenido a ocultar--->\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12\">\r\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#DAA520\"><strong>Fuentes Consultadas<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Clark K, Hurt C, Foster C, and Hale J. All-in\/ All-out Production. Chapter nine. In Positioning Your Pork Operation for the 21st Century, pages 119-126 Purdue University.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Eumedia S.A. 2007. Bioseguridad pr&aacute;ctica de la explotaci&oacute;n porcina. Revista Mundo Ganadero. N&uacute;mero 198. Disponible en http:\/\/www.mundiprensa.es\/. Madrid, Espa&ntilde;a.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Lambert, M.E., D&acute;Allaire, S. 2009. Biosecurity in swine production: Widespread concerns? Advances in Pork Production. Vol&uacute;men 20. P&aacute;ginas 139-148. University of Montreal. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Canada.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Morilla Gonzalez, A. 2009. Manual de Bioseguridad para empresas porcinas. M&eacute;xico: UNAM.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">SENASICA. 2010. La bioseguridad en granjas porcinas. M&eacute;xico: SENASICA.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<center><button type=\"button\" class=\"btn btn-success ShowMore\">Continuar leyendo<\/button><\/center>\r\n","has_cost":0,"creation":"2020-04-06 16:43:19","updated":"2020-04-12 18:27:47","published":"2020-04-02 15:13:59","cost":0,"badge":"mxn"},"availPoints":0,"articleCosts":[],"conversion":[0.004400000000000000265065747129256124026142060756683349609375,1,5634,19],"guest":true,"countries":[{"country_ID":1,"name":"Argentina","iso2":"ar","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":2,"name":"Belice","iso2":"bz","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":3,"name":"Bolivia","iso2":"bo","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":4,"name":"Canada","iso2":"ca","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":5,"name":"Chile","iso2":"cl","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":6,"name":"Colombia","iso2":"co","badge":"COP","conversion":0.004400000000000000265065747129256124026142060756683349609375},{"country_ID":7,"name":"Costa Rica","iso2":"cr","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":8,"name":"Cuba","iso2":"cu","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":9,"name":"Ecuador","iso2":"ec","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":10,"name":"El Salvador","iso2":"sv","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":11,"name":"Estados Unidos","iso2":"us","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":12,"name":"Guatemala","iso2":"gt","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":13,"name":"Guyana","iso2":"gy","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":14,"name":"Guayana Francesa","iso2":"gf","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":15,"name":"Honduras","iso2":"hn","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":16,"name":"México","iso2":"mx","badge":"MXN","conversion":1},{"country_ID":17,"name":"Nicaragua","iso2":"ni","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":18,"name":"Panamá","iso2":"pa","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":19,"name":"Paraguay","iso2":"py","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":20,"name":"Perú","iso2":"pe","badge":"PEN","conversion":5634},{"country_ID":21,"name":"Puerto Rico","iso2":"pr","badge":"USD","conversion":19},{"country_ID":22,"name":"Rep. 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El empleo de normas de bioseguridad en las producciones porcinas tienen impacto en el estado sanitario y en sus niveles productivos.","fb_desc":"","thumb":"\/assets\/images\/articulos\/categoria1\/ganaderia\/art41-cerdos\/cerdos.jpg","fb_thumb":"","category":18,"related":"","keywords":"Porcicultura, bioseguridad, enfermedades del cerdo, Cerdos","pdfLink":"Articulos\/Ganaderia\/41. Bioseguridad en las granjas porcinas.pdf","text":"<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align:right\"><em><span style=\"color:#006400\">Autores: Equipo Editorial INTAGRI<\/span><\/em><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">La aplicaci&oacute;n de la bioseguridad es de suma importancia para las explotaciones pecuarias con el objetivo de preservar la salud de los animales, as&iacute; como la seguridad del personal. La bioseguridad hace referencia a todas aquellas pr&aacute;cticas que son realizadas con la finalidad de reducir las posibilidades de transmisi&oacute;n de enfermedades hacia otros animales de la misma especie.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Los controles sanitarios, as&iacute; como la estricta aplicaci&oacute;n de medidas de bioseguridad, son elementos indispensables para la prevenci&oacute;n de enfermedades en las explotaciones porcinas y se constituyen en acciones fundamentales en programas de prevenci&oacute;n, control y erradicaci&oacute;n de patolog&iacute;as.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-2\">&nbsp;<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-8\">\r\n<table align=\"center\" border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" class=\"table table-responsive\">\r\n\t<tbody>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td colspan=\"4\" style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 204, 204); height:2px; width:611px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>Cuadro 1. Mortalidad debida a la entrada de una nueva enfermedad en la granja (Eumedia, 2007).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Enfermedad<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Fase aguda (semanas)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>N&uacute;mero de muertes durante la fase aguda<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><strong><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\">N&uacute;mero de muertes durante la fase cr&oacute;nica<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:1px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Pleuroneumon&iacute;a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:1px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">2-15<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:1px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">3-30%<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:1px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">2-4%<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Rinitis Atr&oacute;fica<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:2px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">8-26<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:2px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">1-5% de lechones destetados<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:2px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">1%<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Neumon&iacute;a Enzootica<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">4-18<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">2-14% cerdas<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Hasta 3% pos destete<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:1px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>PRRS (S&iacute;ndrome reproductivo respiratorio porcino)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:1px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">8-16<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:1px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">5-30% lechones<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:1px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">0-1% lech&oacute;n\/camada<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong><em>Streptococus suis<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">4-12<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">4-12 % lechones destetados<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">1-5%<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Disenter&iacute;a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:2px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">3-12<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:2px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">1-4 % lechones destetados<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:2px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">1-1.5%<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:2px; width:200px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Gastroenteritis transmisible<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:94px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">3-4<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:154px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">90-100% de lechones<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 255, 204); height:2px; width:163px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">1-4%<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-2\">&nbsp;<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"toggle\">\r\n<!---Contenido a ocultar--->\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">En las granjas porcinas se debe prevenir la entrada y salida de agentes infecciosos en cada uno de los procesos que se realizan, tales como la elaboraci&oacute;n y almacenamiento de alimentos, manejo de los animales, control del acceso o salida de veh&iacute;culos, eliminaci&oacute;n correcta de animales muertos, cuarentena y manejo de excretas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-2\">&nbsp;<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-8\">\r\n<table align=\"center\" border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" class=\"table table-responsive\">\r\n\t<tbody>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 204, 204); height:15px; width:292px\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>Cuadro 2. Control de movimientos externos e internos para aplicaci&oacute;n de bioseguridad porcina (Morill, 2009).<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:15px; width:292px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Control de movimientos externos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(102, 204, 102); height:15px; width:282px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF\"><strong>Control de movimientos internos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:29px; width:292px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>Localizaci&oacute;n e infraestructura<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:29px; width:282px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Limpieza, desinfecci&oacute;n y reducci&oacute;n de contaminantes<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:15px; width:292px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>Animales<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:15px; width:282px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Fauna nociva<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:7px; width:292px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>Veh&iacute;culos y personal<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"height:7px; width:282px\">\r\n\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Capacitaci&oacute;n del personal<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-2\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Las medidas de bioseguridad que tienden a impedir el ingreso y diseminaci&oacute;n de enfermedades en la Unidad de Producci&oacute;n Porcina (UPP) se resumen en seis puntos importantes:<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>1. Control de movimientos externos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Localizaci&oacute;n e infraestructura<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Se recomienda que la granja se encuentre alejada un m&iacute;nimo de 3 km de otra explotaci&oacute;n porcina, rastro, centro de acopio, etc., de manera que se evite el riesgo de contagio de las enfermedades.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Animales<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Identificar los manejos realizados al animal durante la estancia en la UPP con el objetivo de obtener toda la informaci&oacute;n correspondiente para conseguir una trazabilidad.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-8\">\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Veh&iacute;culos y personal e infraestructura<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Reducir al m&iacute;nimo la entrada de personas, animales, veh&iacute;culos, productos y cualquier material contaminado que represente un riesgo sanitario.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong>2.&nbsp; Control de movimientos internos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Limpieza, desinfecci&oacute;n y reducci&oacute;n de contaminantes<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">El objetivo es remover todas las part&iacute;culas gruesas de tierra y materia org&aacute;nica, para asegurar as&iacute; el contacto entre el desinfectante y los agentes pat&oacute;genos.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Fauna nociva<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">La fauna nociva puede ocasionar la introducci&oacute;n de microorganismos pat&oacute;genos, la destrucci&oacute;n de instalaciones, consumo de alimento y muerte de animales. Los m&eacute;todos de control deben de implementarse seg&uacute;n la fauna local que pueda llegar a afectar, utilizando como principales estrategias, las cercas perimetrales, mallas pajareras, fumigaciones, limpiezas y desinfecciones.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-4\"><img alt=\"Todo el personal debe cumplir con las medidas adoptadas para asegurar la bioseguridad.\" class=\"center-block img-responsive\" src=\"\/assets\/images\/articulos\/categoria1\/ganaderia\/art41-cerdos\/cumplir-politicas-de-sanidad.jpg\" style=\"height:396px; width:628px\" \/>\r\n<table border=\"1\" class=\"table table-responsive\">\r\n\t<tbody>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 204, 204); border-color:rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align:left\">\r\n\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Figura 1. Todo el personal debe cumplir con las medidas adoptadas para asegurar la bioseguridad. <\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-8\">\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Capacitaci&oacute;n del personal<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">La UPP no debe constituir una fuente de infecci&oacute;n hacia otras unidades de producci&oacute;n, por lo que los encargados de bioseguridad deben de llevar acabo capacitaciones constantes al personal de las diferentes &aacute;reas que conforman la UPP, con el fin de reducir la contaminaci&oacute;n que representa un riesgo para la salud de los animales.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">La bioseguridad se debe aplicar en todos los niveles existentes desde la fase de producci&oacute;n, hasta la de transformaci&oacute;n, elaboraci&oacute;n y venta del producto final al consumidor.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Se puede diferenciar varios eslabones, todos de suma importancia:<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Bioseguridad en la explotaci&oacute;n porcina<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Bioseguridad en el transporte<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align:justify\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Bioseguridad industrial<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-4\"><img alt=\"EI transporte es un eslabón de suma importancia en la bioseguridad.\" class=\"center-block img-responsive\" src=\"\/assets\/images\/articulos\/categoria1\/ganaderia\/art41-cerdos\/transporte.jpg\" style=\"height:358px; width:578px\" \/>\r\n<table border=\"1\" class=\"table table-responsive\">\r\n\t<tbody>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 204, 204); border-color:rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align:left\">\r\n\t\t\t<p>Figura 2. EI transporte es un eslab&oacute;n de suma importancia en la bioseguridad.<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-4\"><img alt=\"Los rastros deben seguir procedimientos específicos para el sacrificio de los animales.\" class=\"center-block img-responsive\" src=\"\/assets\/images\/articulos\/categoria1\/ganaderia\/art41-cerdos\/rastros.jpg\" style=\"height:420px; width:655px\" \/>\r\n<table border=\"1\" class=\"table table-responsive\">\r\n\t<tbody>\r\n\t\t<tr>\r\n\t\t\t<td style=\"background-color:rgb(204, 204, 204); border-color:rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align:left\">\r\n\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color:#000000\">Figura 3. Los rastros deben seguir procedimientos espec&iacute;ficos para el sacrificio de los animales.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12 col-md-8\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">El impacto econ&oacute;mico de una enfermedad viral o bacteriana en la UPP puede ser devastador si no se toman medidas adecuadas para limitar el ingreso de la misma, por lo que todo el personal involucrado deber&aacute; cumplir con las medidas establecidas.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Las medidas de bioseguridad deben ser externas e internas y se deben considerar indispensable en la porcicultura. A mayor bioseguridad, menores ser&aacute;n los costos de producci&oacute;n, pues se reducen los gastos en medicamentos y tratamientos, y por consecuencia disminuyen las mortalidades.<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Capac&iacute;tate y aprende a obtener una mejor rentabilidad y conocer las oportunidades de mercado en la industria porcina en el<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.intagri.com\/memorias\/ganaderia\/curso-de-produccion-de-porcinos-de-alto-rendimiento-online\"><strong>Curso de Producci&oacute;n de Porcinos de Alto Rendimiento Online.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#DAA520\"><strong>Cita correcta de este art&iacute;culo<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\r\n\r\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">INTAGRI. 2020. Bioseguridad en las granjas porcinas. Ganader&iacute;a. Serie Ganader&iacute;a, N&uacute;m. 41. Art&iacute;culos t&eacute;cnicos de INTAGRI. M&eacute;xico. 5 p.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<!---Contenido a ocultar--->\r\n\r\n<div class=\"row\">\r\n<div class=\"col-xs-12\">\r\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#DAA520\"><strong>Fuentes Consultadas<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Clark K, Hurt C, Foster C, and Hale J. All-in\/ All-out Production. Chapter nine. In Positioning Your Pork Operation for the 21st Century, pages 119-126 Purdue University.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Eumedia S.A. 2007. Bioseguridad pr&aacute;ctica de la explotaci&oacute;n porcina. Revista Mundo Ganadero. N&uacute;mero 198. Disponible en http:\/\/www.mundiprensa.es\/. Madrid, Espa&ntilde;a.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Lambert, M.E., D&acute;Allaire, S. 2009. Biosecurity in swine production: Widespread concerns? Advances in Pork Production. Vol&uacute;men 20. P&aacute;ginas 139-148. University of Montreal. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Canada.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">Morilla Gonzalez, A. 2009. Manual de Bioseguridad para empresas porcinas. M&eacute;xico: UNAM.<\/span><\/li>\r\n\t<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#000000\">SENASICA. 2010. La bioseguridad en granjas porcinas. M&eacute;xico: SENASICA.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<center><button type=\"button\" class=\"btn btn-success ShowMore\">Continuar leyendo<\/button><\/center>\r\n","has_cost":0,"creation":"2020-04-06 16:43:19","updated":"2020-04-12 18:27:47","published":"2020-04-02 15:13:59","cost":0,"badge":"mxn"},"\/articulos\/ganaderia"]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/Handlers\/Strategies\/RequestResponse.php","line":38,"function":"{closure}","args":[{},{},{"category":"ganaderia","article":"bioseguridad-en-las-granjas-porcinas","section":"comprar"}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/Routing\/Route.php","line":358,"function":"__invoke","class":"Slim\\Handlers\\Strategies\\RequestResponse","type":"->","args":[{},{},{},{"category":"ganaderia","article":"bioseguridad-en-las-granjas-porcinas","section":"comprar"}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/MiddlewareDispatcher.php","line":65,"function":"handle","class":"Slim\\Routing\\Route","type":"->","args":[{}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/MiddlewareDispatcher.php","line":65,"function":"handle","class":"Slim\\MiddlewareDispatcher","type":"->","args":[{}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/Routing\/Route.php","line":315,"function":"handle","class":"Slim\\MiddlewareDispatcher","type":"->","args":[{}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/Routing\/RouteRunner.php","line":68,"function":"run","class":"Slim\\Routing\\Route","type":"->","args":[{}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/twig-view\/src\/TwigMiddleware.php","line":115,"function":"handle","class":"Slim\\Routing\\RouteRunner","type":"->","args":[{}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/MiddlewareDispatcher.php","line":121,"function":"process","class":"Slim\\Views\\TwigMiddleware","type":"->","args":[{},{}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/Middleware\/RoutingMiddleware.php","line":45,"function":"handle","class":"Psr\\Http\\Server\\RequestHandlerInterface@anonymous\u0000\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/MiddlewareDispatcher.php:108$10","type":"->","args":[{}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/MiddlewareDispatcher.php","line":121,"function":"process","class":"Slim\\Middleware\\RoutingMiddleware","type":"->","args":[{},{}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/Middleware\/ErrorMiddleware.php","line":76,"function":"handle","class":"Psr\\Http\\Server\\RequestHandlerInterface@anonymous\u0000\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/MiddlewareDispatcher.php:108$10","type":"->","args":[{}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/MiddlewareDispatcher.php","line":121,"function":"process","class":"Slim\\Middleware\\ErrorMiddleware","type":"->","args":[{},{}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/MiddlewareDispatcher.php","line":65,"function":"handle","class":"Psr\\Http\\Server\\RequestHandlerInterface@anonymous\u0000\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/MiddlewareDispatcher.php:108$10","type":"->","args":[{}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/App.php","line":199,"function":"handle","class":"Slim\\MiddlewareDispatcher","type":"->","args":[{}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/vendor\/slim\/slim\/Slim\/App.php","line":183,"function":"handle","class":"Slim\\App","type":"->","args":[{}]},{"file":"\/home\/intagri\/public_html\/index.php","line":261,"function":"run","class":"Slim\\App","type":"->","args":[]}]}